Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has become a standard radiotherapy technique in the management of lung cancer due to its ability to deliver highly conformal dose distributions while sparing surrounding normal tissues. By modulating beam intensity and utilizing advanced planning algorithms, IMRT allows improved target coverage, reduced radiation-induced toxicity, and the potential for dose escalation compared with conventional three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. The integration of inverse planning, image guidance and functional imaging of motion management has further enhanced treatment precision and clinical outcomes. Despite these advantages, IMRT remains technically demanding and requires meticulous quality assurance to ensure safe and effective delivery. This review highlights the principles, planning techniques, delivery methods, clinical applications, and current evidence supporting the role of IMRT in lung cancer treatment.